Dr. El-Affendi works at the Centre for the Study of Democracy, University of Westminster and coordinator of the Centre’s Democracy and Islam Programme. He is also currently an ESRC/AHRC Fellow in the Global Uncertainities Programme working on a project entitled: “Narratives of Insecurity, Democratization and the Justification of (Mass) Violence”. His most recent book About Muhammad: The Other Western Perspective on the Prophet of Islam was published in London by Legacy Publishing in 2010. Educated at the universities of Khartoum, Wales, and Reading, Dr. El-Affendi is also the author of Turabi’s Revolution: Islam and Power in Sudan (1991), Who Needs an Islamic State? (1991-2008 second edition), Revolution and Political Reform in Sudan (1995), Rethinking Islam and Modernity (2001), For a State of Peace: Conflict and the Future of Democracy in Sudan (2002).